PGN-ECndi ultrapure Insoluble peptidoglycan from E. coli K12 Peptidoglycan (PDN) is a major surface component of Gram-positive bacteria. It is embedded in a relatively thick cell wall and is usually covalently attached to other polymers, such as lipoproteins and LTAs. PGN is known to be a potent activator of NF-κB and TNF-α through TLR2 [1]. However, other pattern recognition proteins have been reported to mediate the immunostimulatory activity of PGN [2, 3, 4]. This discrepancy is correlated to the method of purification. According to Travassos et al., the presence of these polymers in most preparations of PGN is responsible for the TLR2-dependent activity of PGN [2]. PGNs purified by detergent lysis and hydrolysis under basic conditions to eliminate lipophilic constituents lose their ability to activate TLR2-transfected HEK293 cells but still activate NOD2-transfected cells. Specificity: NOD1/NOD2 agonist Working Concentration: 1 - 5 µg/ml Resuspension: 200 μg/ml in water. Note: PGN-ECndi ultrapure is insoluble. The suspension appears hazy.