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Anti-Ras Antibody, (K-, H-, N-), clone 9A11.2
Species Reactivity Key Applications Host Format Antibody Type
H, M, R WB, IH(P) Mouse Purified Monoclonal Antibody
Description:
Anti-Ras Antibody, (K-, H-, N-), clone 9A11.2
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Trade Name:
Upstate (Millipore)
Specificity:
Recognizes K-, H-, and N-Ras (all 3 isofroms).
Molecular Weight:
21 kDa
Immunogen:
Full length recombinant GST-tagged human H-Ras.
Clone:
9A11.2
Isotype:
IgG1κ
Background Information:
Ras, a proto-oncogene, is a small G-protein that has 3 primary isoforms (H-Ras, N-Ras, and K-Ras) that differ in there approximately 20 C-terminal amino acids. H-Ras was first discovered as a transforming product the retrovirus Harvey murine virus and K-Ras of Kirten sarcoma virus. Ras is a heavily studied target of both academic and pharmaceutical research because of its implications in various pathways and diseases as well as being mutated in a large number of human cancers. Ras is most notably the activator of the Erk/MAPK kinase pathway as activator of Raf, as well as an activator of PI3 Kinase (PI3K). In its oncogenic, mutated state, Ras is unable to hydrolyze GTP to GDP, thus staying in an active state and activating numerous pathways including the MAPK pathway through its activation of Raf, but also others as well that include PI3 Kinase and RalGDS. One path that the pharmaceutical industry has taken to control Ras and its activity is by finding what some consider its Achilles’ heel. For its activation, Ras must localize to the plasma membrane, but interestingly, it lacks a transmembrane domain. To achieve this, Ras must first undergo a post-translational modification (PTM) known as prenylation or geranylation at its C-terminal CAAX motif. For this to take place, a controlled three step process must occur. The first step in the process is the prenylation or geranylation of the C in the CAAX motif that is initiated by the covalent attachment of farnesyl groups to the cysteine that is catalyzed by the heterodimer enzymes farnesyl transferases and . After this modification, the –aaX of the motif is proteolytically removed via Rce1 (Ras Converting Enzyme 1), a membrane associated endoprotease, by a mechanism that is still not fully understood. Finally, the C-terminal prenylcysteine is now methlylated by ICMT (Isoprenylcysteine Carboxymethyl Transferase). These drugs have yet to pass clinical trials though and there is doubt that they will ever be successful in treating tumors associated with Ras activation.
Species Reactivity:
Human
Mouse
Rat
Quality Assurance:
routinely evaluated by immunoblot on RIPA lysate from human A431 carcinoma cells, mouse 3T3, mouse brain, orrat brain.
Purification Method:
Protein G purfied
Presentation:
Protein G purified mouse monoclonal in storage buffer containing 0.1M Tris-Glycine (pH 7.4), 15mM NaCl, and 0.05% NaN3.
Storage Conditions:
Stable for 1 year at 4°C from date of receipt.
Handling Recommendations: Upon receipt, and prior to removing the cap, centrifuge the vial and gently mix the solution.
UniProt Number:
P01116
Entrez Gene Number:
NM_005343
Gene Symbol:
K-Ras
Ki-Ras
K-Ras2
Kras-2
p21B
KRAS
RASK2
HRAS
HA_RAS
N-RAS
H-RAS
NRAS
NRAS1
ALPS4
Usage Statement:
Unless otherwise stated in our catalog or other company documentation accompanying the product(s), our products are intended for research use only and are not to be used for any other purpose, which includes but is not limited to, unauthorized c |