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FlowCellect™ Mitocaspase 3,7 Kit
Description:
FlowCellect™ Mitocaspase 3,7 Kit
Trade Name:
FlowCellect
Qty/Pk:
100 Tests / Kit
Product Overview:
The FlowCellect MitoCaspase Kit provides a rapid and simple method for the simultaneous measurement of 2 important cell health parameters; change in mitochondrial potential (considered an early hallmark of apoptosisand cellular stress) and caspase 3/7 activation. The simultaneous measurement of these parameters allows for the examination of the inter-relationship between these impacts minimizes assay workflow and time to results, utilizes less sample and ensures more precise measurements. Multiparametric evaluation of these 2 cell health markers can be of great utility in compound screening, understanding mechanistic machinery on treatment and disease and for conducting kinetic and dose response studies.
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Background Information:
Apoptosis, or programmed cell death, is an important and active regulatory pathway of cell growth nd proliferation. Cells respond to specific induction signals by initiating intracellular processes that result in characteristic biological, morphological and physiological changes. Cells undergoing the apoptotic process display the following features: depolarization of the inner mitochondrial membrane electrochemical gradient, mitochondrial release of apoptogenic molecules, and activation of specific proteases termed caspases, blebbing of cytosolic vesicles from the cell surface and loss of plasma membrane asymmetry, condensation of nuclear material, and finally, DNA cleavage and rupture of the plasma membrane. However, some of these cell changes are not specific to the apoptotic process. Therefore, to validate the presence of apoptosis in a cell sample, a single parameter assay is usually not considered sufficient. More recent studies have suggested multiple mechanisms of cell death such as caspase-mediated and caspase-independent cell death. Mitochondrial potential changes have been implicated in both kinds of cell-death mechanisms. Multiparametric evaluation of cell health markers allows detailed kinetic events in the sequence of events leading to apoptosis or cell death and provides broader information on events in the cell mechanism of mode of action. Characterizing the mechanistic machinery of apoptosis at molecular levels and changes that occur in different cellular compartments during apoptosis provides for a greater understanding of compound mode of action and insight into disease processes.
Caspases are a family of cysteine proteases that play essential roles in apoptosis, necrosis, and inflammation. Caspases are typically expressed as inactive precursors which get activated during apoptosis and cleave substrates after specific aspartate residues. Of the fourteen caspases identified thus far in humans, effector caspases (Caspase 3,6 and 7) are the main caspases that are responsible for cleaving vital intracellular proteins upon activation, which leads to full-blown apoptosis (9). For example, Caspase 3 and Caspase 7 are activated in multiple pathways of apoptosis in the immune system ranging from intrinsic pathways, FAS mediated extrinsic pathways, or by granzyme B mediated apoptosis. Hence detection of activated Caspase 3/7 is a good general marker of apoptosis in immune cell populations.
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Key Applications:
Flow Cytometry
Species Reactivity:
Human
Usage Statement:
Unless otherwise stated in our catalog or other company documentation accompanying the product(s), our products are intended for research use only and are not to be used for any other purpose, which includes but is not limited to, unauthorized commercial uses, in vitro diagnostic uses, ex vivo or in vivo therapeutic uses or any type of consumption or application to humans or animals.
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