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Dinitrophenyl (DNP) is not found endogenously in tissues and is an excellent alternative to biotin for use in applications requiring biotin-free systems. DNP is smaller than other non-biotin alternatives and thus may allow better penetration of the probe in tissue applications. Probes or antibodies labeled with DNP can be detected using alkaline phosphatase labeled anti-DNP, using biotinylated anti-DNP followed by a streptavidin or avidin system, or using unconjugated anti-DNP followed by a secondary antibody detection system. |